Among Asian nations, India and Indonesia have been identified as strategic anchor markets for climate x health investment, according to the ‘Unlocking Capital For Climate x Health: The Investment Landscape in Asia’ prepared by AVPN and Prudence Foundation, in partnership with Catalyst Management Services (CMS).
While the region’s high exposure to climate risk is a shared backdrop, these two countries scored highest on a composite readiness framework, driven by dynamic innovation ecosystems, supportive policy momentum, and increasing flows of catalytic and private capital.
Also Read: Asia’s climate x health startups struggle in the ‘missing middle’ funding void
Both nations, Asia’s two largest emerging economies, face intense climate-health pressures. India, for instance, experienced extreme heat alerts on 93 per cent of days in 2024. This high-heat exposure affects over 90 per cent of its population. Air pollution intensifies cardiovascular risk, and coastal districts face storm-surge flooding.
Similarly, Indonesia, an archipelago nation, faces risks from sea-level rise threatening 42 million people by 2050, surging dengue and malaria cases, and severe air-pollution episodes.
Policy tailwinds and financial momentum in India
India presents scale, capital depth, and a robust innovation base.
- Policy support: Key mandates include the National Programme on Climate Change and Human Health (NPCCHH), which requires state heat-health action plans, and the National Cooling Action Plan, which mandates cold-chain efficiency targets. The country has public sector spending of approximately US$1.5 billion through the NPCCHH and allied schemes.
- Innovation: Nearly 70 startups in India are working on cooling, disease analytics, and air quality.
- Investment flows: Since 2015, the private sector has seen approximately US$4 billion in climate-tech investment, although less than 10 per cent is specifically tagged for health.
- Exit pathways: Public procurement letters combined with Innovative Finance Facility for Climate (IFCAP) guarantees create a visible path for local commercial banks to refinance pilot-stage ventures at a lower cost.
Indonesia’s rising alignment and blended finance success
Indonesia offers early-stage traction with rising alignment across donors and ministries.
Also Read: Asia’s climate-health crisis deepens amid massive funding gaps
- Policy support: The updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) makes health a core pillar, and the InaRISK dashboard guides district planning. The country has approximately US$800 million in public funding mobilised from the World Bank, GCF, and the national budget.
- Blended finance: The SDG Indonesia One blended-finance platform has mobilised more than US$3 billion towards climate and health initiatives.
- Innovation: Deal flow primarily involves parametric micro-insurance, smart-trap vector analytics, and climate-linked health data hubs.
- Exit pathways: DFIs use guarantees and concessional debt to derisk early pilots, allowing successful ventures to refinance into local Islamic-bank sukuk or corporate offtake agreements.
The combined urgency, systemic integration across health and climate policies, and early signs of evolving capital flows make India and Indonesia the crucial entry points for investors looking to shape the next decade of climate x health resilience in Asia.
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Among Asian nations, India and Indonesia have been identified as strategic anchor markets for climate x health investment, according to the ‘Unlocking Capital For Climate x Health: The Investment Landscape in Asia’ prepared by AVPN and Prudence Foundation, in partnership with Catalyst Management Services (CMS). While the region’s high exposure to climate risk is a
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